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Electric mobility

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Plug-in vehicles

France, like all other EU countries, will ban the sale of internal combustion engine cars from 2035. However, there is currently no precise target for the number of electric vehicles on the road in France in the coming decades. However, at the end of November 2022, the government announced a target of 2 million vehicles produced in France in 2030, as well as financial support to the automotive industry of 100 million euros to complete the sector's technological transition to electric vehicles. In this context, even in the absence of a clear target, it seems relevant to monitor the evolution of the French electric car fleet.

According to the Avere France registration barometer, at the end of February 2023, there were 1,161,798 rechargeable vehicles in France, of which 728,063 were 100% electric. The other 433,735 vehicles are plug-in hybrids. In the available statistics, 100% electric vehicles are defined not only as electric passenger cars, but also as commercial vehicles. Commercial vehicles are not designed for passenger transport but for the transport of goods. However, they are still light vehicles of less than 3.5 tonnes. Passenger cars are cars intended for the transport of passengers with a maximum of 8 seats in addition to the driver's seat.

The development of the plug-in vehicle fleet can also be monitored by the number of new registrations per month. The registration barometer data allows a distinction to be made between 100% electric passenger cars and 100% electric commercial vehicles. In February 2023, registrations of new 100% electric passenger cars accounted for 15.5% of the market share with 19,585 registrations. The most popular 100% electric passenger car was the Dacia Spring (2872 new registrations), followed by the Tesla Model Y (2485 registrations) and the Peugeot 208 (2092 registrations).

Charging infrastructure

According to the National barometer of charging infrastructures open to the public, developed by the Ministry of Ecological Transition with Areve-France based on data from GIREVE, there were 90,803 charging points open to the public in France on 28 February 2023, including 17,157 in the Ile-de-France region. 54% of the charging points have a capacity between 7.4 and 22 kW and 34% less than 7.4 kW. Charging points with a power of 22 kW or more represent 12% of the total number of charging points open to the public.

On the website of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion and the Ministry of Energy Transition, there is mention of a target of 100,000 charging points open to the public in 2023 and 7 million public and private charging points by 2030, without specifying the breakdown between public and private charging points for the latter. The deployment of charge points over the last 12 months shows a strong acceleration. Such a trend would make it possible to reach the target of 100,000 public charge points in France by June 2023. In addition, Enedis, the French distribution network operator, estimates that the total number of charging points in France is about 1,263,815 by the end of the fourth quarter of 2022.

From the data on public charging points and the stock of rechargeable vehicles, it is possible to calculate the number of rechargeable vehicles - total, 100% electric only or hybrids only - per public charging point. In February 2023, there were about 8 100% electric vehicles per public charging point in France. However, this figure may hide potential geographical disparities, as the distribution of public charging points in a département does not necessarily correspond perfectly to the stock of rechargeable vehicles in the same département.